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Improvement of quality, function and transplantation outcomes of pancreatic islets using RNA interference
Kosinová, Lucie ; Kříž, Jan (advisor) ; Štechová, Kateřina (referee) ; Petrák, Ondřej (referee)
Transplantation of insulin producing tissue is the only therapeutic method so far allowing type 1 diabetic patients to achieve long-term independence of insulin administration. Transplantation of isolated pancreatic islets (PI) into liver represents a safer but less effective alternative to whole-organ transplantation. This is caused by a significant loss of transplanted islets within a short time after transplantation due to the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR). This reaction is triggered by molecules of tissue factor, abundantly expressed on the surface of PI cells. Tissue factor activates directly the coagulation pathway leading to platelet aggregation, complement activation, and infiltration of islet graft by leukocytes which results in a destruction of up to 60 % of transplanted tissue, and a formation of ischemic areas of downstream lying liver tissue. Tissue factor also stimulates angiogenesis which makes it necessary for revascularization of PI after transplantation. Inhibition of tissue factor gene in isolated PI using RNA interference provides an opportunity for short-term suppression of tissue factor expression, leading to protection of PI in the early post-transplantation period without hindering the connection of capillaries to the recipient vascular system later...
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Coagulation examination
ROJDLOVÁ, Lenka
Today coagulative examination belongs to the hematological tests which are often required namely as part of pre-surgery examinations and in frame of anti-coagulative therapy observation. The basic coagulative examinations are activated partial tromboplastine time (aPTT), protrombinal time (PT), determination of blood platelets amount and the time of bleeding (Duke´s time). These examinations enable us to find out whether a disorder of internal or external way of coagulative cascade occurs or if it applies to trombocytopathy or a functional blood platelets disorder. This thesis focuses on research what is the influence on the aPTT examination and PT time interval result between the patient´s blood taking and its laboratory analysis. The coagulative cascade is stated in the theoretical part along with its main ways according to the latest literary data and additions. The following chapter deals with coagulative factors which take part in the coagulative cascade activation. Attention is also dedicated to blood platelets and next possible pathology of haemostasia. The biggest part deals with the methods of coagulative determination. The thesis focuses also on analytical processes during coagulation examination, as well as the significance of non-analytic examination phase is emphasized here. The practical and research part of my thesis was performed in the laboratory Laboma, s.r.o. České Budějovice, where I examined 50 random samples chosen of daily routine operation from various patients. In all these samples coagulative examination with aPTT and PT tests was carried out at different time intervals after the blood taking. The aim was to verify how final values of the stated coagulation examinations change if these are carried out after a longer time than recommended in the laboratory practice. In both used coagulation tests, before the sample analysis, verification was made to prove the outcome exactness. Verification is also the practical part of this thesis. On the basis of measured outcomes, I carried out the statistical evaluation which shows how measured values differ depending on the blood taking time interval and whether it is possible to perform these coagulation examinations in a different time interval from blood taking.
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